A-Z glossary

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Jack
See Jackstaff.

Jack Block
A block which supports a crowbar when lifting a millstone.

Jack Ring
Iron frame for lifting the STONE NUT out of gear.

Jack Shaft
A layshaft.

Jack Stick
See Jackstaff.

Jack Wheel
A PINION driven from a RING GEAR on a waterwheel.

Jacking
Checking the stones with the JACKSTAFF & QUILL. JACKING RING = Ring and Screw; Screw and Ring

Jacking The Stones
See Jacking.

Jackstaff
A tool used to check the vertical alignment of the stone spindle relative to the grinding face of the levelled BEDSTONE. It incorporates a QUILL for detecting faulty adjustment.

Jenny
See Spinning Jenny.

Jet
A rapidly moving body of water produced by forcing it to flow through a restraining hole or orifice, or by causing it to run down a steeply sloping, sometimes tapering trough.

Jib Sails
(1) Triangular windmill SAILS of cloth, wound round radial sail arms with the tip of the sail corded to the next arm, on Mediterranean-type mills. (2) Sails with leader boards which pass air behind main section of sail to provide 'lift' or suction, as on aircraft wings or dinghy sails.

Jigger
(1) see NEB. (2) see also JOG SCRY. (3) see SACK JOGGER.

Jim Crow
STONE CRANE (1847 Inventory).

Jockey
See Jockey Pulley.

Jockey Pulley
A small pulley used to press against a driving belt to tension it.

Jog
A change of section in a sail stock, forming a step, which will locate against the canister to centre it Same as SHOULDER. (Kent).

Jog Scry
see also BRAN JUMPER, VIBRATING MACHINE. An inclined oscillating SIEVE sometimes with several layers of mesh to separate various constituents such as MIDDLINGS, POLLARDS, BRAN etc.

Jogger
See Jog Scry.

Joggin(s)
A term found in some Essex mill inventories May denote a JUMPER or POSSER.

Joggle Screens
(early C19th term.) See JOG SCRY.

Joggling Screen
See Jog Scry.

Joist
A support beam for intermediate flooring.

Jordan
A machine for reducing or making finer the stock or PULP before it passes to the paper-machine. It has a cone with knives around its circumference which rotates within another, also fitted with knives. It was invented by J. Jordan, Hartford, Connecticut, U.S.A. in 1859.

Journal
The neck or bearing portion of a SHAFT in machinery.

Journeyman
(1) A served apprentice qualified to practice his trade as an employee of a Master; a qualified tradesman who works for another. (2) A tapered piece of timber inserted between the STOCK and WHIP near the stock's end to force the sails to describe a dished plane when turning. (Suffolk).

Journeyman Furrow
Second largest FURROW in the quarter dressing of a MILLSTONE. Adjacent to the MASTER FURROW on one side and the PRENTICE FURROW on the other side. See DRESS(2) QUARTER DRESS.

Journeyman Millwright
A MILLWRIGHT hiring out his services by the day.

Jowled Timber
A timber, such as a post mill corner post thickened at the top to give adequate support to the framing. (the 'gunstock head' effect).

Jumper
See Jog Scry.

Jute Mill
A TEXTILE MILL in which jute is prepared from certain tree barks, and spun into yarn for making hessian and cordage.